A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a persistent connection between the aorta and the pulmonary artery resulting in left to right shunting. This connection is supposed to close shortly after birth, ...

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) is usually discovered early in life. Sometimes, a very small PDA may go unnoticed. They may be discovered during a routine doctor’s examination. An infant or an adult ...

The "murmur" is the sound of blood flowing. It may be passing through an abnormal heart valve, for instance. Or it may be that a condition makes your heart beat faster and forces your heart to handle ...

Aim: To find out the significance of murmurs heard during infancy. Methods: Retrospective audit of all infants with newly heard murmurs referred from April 2007 to October 2009 to cardiac clinics in ...

Sometimes, a murmur sounds like a humming sound, which can be faint or loud. It might be temporary or persistent. Heart murmurs may be present at birth or develop later in life during pregnancy, ...

SHOULD closure of a patent ductus arteriosus with reversal of flow be attempted? If so, how can the high surgical mortality hitherto reported 1–3 be reduced? An attempt is made to answer these ...