Recent DNA analysis has shed new light on the catastrophic retreat of Napoleon’s Grand Army from Russia in 1812. The study challenges the long-held belief that extreme cold and starvation were the ...

A new study involving DNA extracted from the teeth of 13 French soldiers who were buried in a mass grave in Lithuania's capital Vilnius revealed two new pathogens that may help understand why Napoleon ...

In the summer of 1812, the legendary French general Napoleon Bonaparte led an army about half a million strong to invade Russia. The Russians retreated but burned the countryside as they withdrew, ...

When Napoleon’s once invincible army limped out of Russia in winter 1812, frostbite and hunger were merely half the story. Historians have debated for more than two centuries over which diseases ...