To keep track of this cosmic decay, physicists employ a concept called entropy. Entropy is a measure of disorderliness, and the declaration that entropy is always on the rise — known as the second law ...

New research shows that the second law of thermodynamics, which states entropy increases over time, also applies to closed quantum systems.

Chemical thermodynamics and energetics represent a foundational pillar of physical chemistry, addressing the principles that govern energy exchanges during physical and chemical transformations.

Since their discovery at Drexel University in 2011, MXenes — a family of nanomaterials with unique properties of durability, ...