Serial CT urography is routinely performed in these patients to rule out UTUC, but its clinical value and cost-effectiveness are questionable, especially in patients with non-muscle-invasive disease.

CT urography identified 100% of pathologically confirmed renal and ureteral malignancies. Fourteen of 19 confirmed cases of uroepithelial neoplasms involving the bladder were found.

CT scan (contrast-enhanced CT urogram) for a complete urinary path assessment. Urine cytology to detect tumor cells and assess the tumor grade. Molecular studies for genetic testing.